ADHD (Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the behavior and focus of children and young adults. The disorder affects the developmental rate of executive function in the brain.

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It is one of the most common neurodevelopmental issues in the world. A report from the CDC concludes that at least 11 percent of the child population aged 4 to 18 years old have been diagnosed with ADHD.

Types of ADHD

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder is divided into 3 types. Each type has different symptoms and treatments. Here are the 3 types of ADHD:

Inattentive Type

People with the Inattentive Type have difficulties focusing, remembering something, and following instructions. They are also easily distracted. Research found that Inattentive Type of ADHD is most commonly found in girls compared to boys.

Hyperactive-impulsive Type

Hyperactive-impulsive Type refers to people who move excessively. They tend to fidget, squirm, and struggle with self-control. People with Hyperactive-impulsive Type also tend to make more impulsive decisions on the spot.

Combined Type

This is the most common type of ADHD. Combined Type is diagnosed when a person shows 6 or more symptoms of both other types of the disorder.

ADHD Symptoms

Identifying ADHD is not as easy and it is common for ADHD to be diagnosed in early adulthood instead. As previously mentioned, there are 3 types of ADHD, and each exhibits different symptoms. Here are the symptoms of each type:

Inattentive Type often shows these symptoms:

  • Difficulty focusing
  • Excessive daydreaming
  • Very easily distracted
  • Very forgetful
  • Trouble staying organized
  • Not listening
  • Unable to follow detail instructions

Hyperactive-impulsive Type shows these symptoms:

  • Fidgeting
  • Squirming
  • Always moving
  • Can’t stop talking
  • Often described as “driven by a motor”
  • Often interrupts others

There are also ADHD symptoms that are more prominent in adults, including:

  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Constant problem at work
  • Impulsiveness
  • Often bored
  • Mood swings
  • Trouble concentrating

Treatments

ADHD is not a disorder that can be cured or healed. However, there are treatments and medications that are used to suppress the disorder.

There are 2 types of medications that are used to treat ADHD: stimulant and non-stimulant. Stimulant medication is the most prescribed medication to help treat ADHD in children since the 1960s. The medication targets a part in the brain called dopamine.

Some common stimulants that are prescribed are:

  • Amphetamine
  • Lisdexamfetamine
  • Dextroamphetamine

Non-stimulant medication affects a neurotransmitter called norepinephrine. This medication is only prescribed when a person does not respond to stimulant medication.

Aside from medications, there are several therapies that are also used in treating ADHD.

Behavior therapy is a form of therapy that helps to shape permanent behavior. It normally works by rewarding someone after doing the desired behaviors.

Additionally, psychotherapy (counseling) can also help people with ADHD to understand their situation better. Counseling also helps the patient to react better to stimuli.

For more information about the disorder, it is always advised to seek medical professionals. Okadoc offers a platform that enables you to consult with doctors online anytime, anywhere.